Ruling 1153 — Prayer (Ṣalāh)

Doubts that must be dismissed are as follows: 1. a doubt about an act for which the time of performance has passed. For example, in rukūʿ, one doubts whether he recited Sūrat al-Ḥamd or not; 2. a doubt that arises after the salām of the prayer; 3. a doubt that arises after the time of prayers has expired; 4. a doubt of one who doubts excessively (kathīr al‑shakk); 5. a doubt held by an imam of congregational prayers about the number of rakʿahs performed when a follower is sure about it; and similarly, a doubt held by a follower when the imam is sure of the number of rakʿahs performed; 6. a doubt in recommended prayers and ṣalāt al‑iḥtiyāṭ. These six types of doubt will now be dealt with in sequence.